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Paul Robin Krugman (born February 28, 1953) is an American economist, Distinguished Professor of Economics at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, and an op-ed columnist for ''The New York Times''. In 2008, Krugman was awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences for his contributions to New Trade Theory and New Economic Geography.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2008 )〕 The Prize Committee cited Krugman's work explaining the patterns of international trade and the geographic distribution of economic activity, by examining the effects of economies of scale and of consumer preferences for diverse goods and services.〔 Krugman is known in academia for his work on international economics (including trade theory, economic geography, and international finance),〔Note: Krugman modeled a 'preference for diversity' by assuming a CES utility function like that in A. Dixit and J. Stiglitz (1977), 'Monopolistic competition and optimal product diversity', ''American Economic Review'' 67.〕〔''Forbes'', October 13, 2008, ("Paul Krugman, Nobel" )〕 liquidity traps, and currency crisis. Krugman was previously a professor of economics at MIT, and later at Princeton University. He retired from Princeton in June 2015 to join the Graduate Center of the City University of New York. He also holds the title of Centenary Professor at the London School of Economics, and was President of the Eastern Economic Association in 2010.〔London School of Economics, Centre for Economic Performance, (Lionel Robbins Memorial Lectures 2009: The Return of Depression Economics ). Retrieved August 19, 2009.〕 Krugman is ranked among the most influential economic thinkers in the US.〔Davis, William L, Bob Figgins, David Hedengren, and Daniel B. Klein. ( "Economic Professors' Favorite Economic Thinkers, Journals, and Blogs," ) Econ Journal Watch 8(2): 126–146, May 2011.〕 Krugman has written over 20 books, including scholarly works, textbooks and books for a more general audience, and has published over 200 scholarly articles in professional journals and edited volumes. He has also contributed more than 750 columns on economic and political issues to ''The New York Times'', ''Fortune'' and ''Slate''. As a commentator, Krugman has written on a wide range of economic issues including income distribution, taxation, macroeconomics and international economics. Krugman considers himself a modern liberal, calling one of his books and his ''New York Times'' blog ''The Conscience of a Liberal''.〔''The New York Times'', ("The Conscience of a Liberal." ) Retrieved August 6, 2009〕 His popular commentary has attracted considerable comment, both positive and negative. == Personal life == Krugman was born to a Jewish family,〔(Encyclopedia of American Jewish History, Volume 1 edited by Stephen Harlan Norwood, Eunice G. Pollack ) p. 721〕 the son of Anita and David Krugman (1924–2013). His paternal grandparents immigrated to the United States in 1922 from Brest, Belarus, at that time a part of Poland. He was born in Albany, New York, and grew up in Merrick, a hamlet in Nassau County. He graduated from John F. Kennedy High School in Bellmore.〔Associated Press, ("Paul Krugman, LI Native, wins Nobel in economics" ),''Newsday,'' October 14, 2008〕 According to Krugman, his interest in economics began with Isaac Asimov's ''Foundation'' novels, in which the social scientists of the future use a new science of "psychohistory" to attempt to save civilization. Since present-day science fell far short of "psychohistory", Krugman turned to economics as the next best thing.〔Interview, U.S. Economist Krugman Wins Nobel Prize in Economics ("PBS, Jim Lehrer News Hour" ), October 13, 2008, transcript Retrieved October 14, 2008〕〔''The New York Times'', August 6, 2009, ("Up Front: Paul Krugman" )〕 Krugman has been married twice. His first wife Robin L. Bergman is an award-winning designer/artist. He is currently married to Robin Wells, an academic economist who has collaborated on textbooks with Krugman.〔Paul Krugman, ("Your questions answered" ), blog, January 10, 2003, Retrieved December 19, 2007〕〔Paul Krugman, ("About my son" ), ''The New York Times'' blog, December 19, 2007〕 Krugman reports that he is a distant relative of conservative journalist David Frum. He has described himself as a "Loner. Ordinarily shy. Shy with individuals." He lives in New York City.〔()〕 Krugman retired from Princeton University in June 2015 to become a professor at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York and a distinguished scholar at the Graduate Center's Luxembourg Income Study Center.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Changes (Personal/Professional) (blog entry) )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.gc.cuny.edu/News/GC-News/Detail?id=23418 )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Paul Krugman」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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